After moving to America, she starred in the ABC drama series Pan Am (2011–2012) and had her breakthrough role in Martin Scorsese's black comedy film The Wolf of Wall Street (2013). Robbie's profile continued to grow with starring roles as a grifter in Focus (2015), Jane Porter in The Legend of Tarzan (2016), and Harley Quinn in the DC Extended Universe, beginning with Suicide Squad (2016).
Robbie garnered critical acclaim and nominations for the BAFTA Award and Academy Award for Best Actress for portraying the disgraced figure skater Tonya Harding in the biopic I, Tonya (2017). This acclaim continued for her roles as Queen Elizabeth I in the period drama Mary Queen of Scots (2018), Sharon Tate in the comedy-drama Once Upon a Time in Hollywood (2019), and a fictional Fox News employee in the drama Bombshell (2019). She received BAFTA Award nominations for all three and a nomination for the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress for the lattermost.